What are the starches and sugars present in foods typically referred to as?

The starches and sugars found in foods are collectively known as carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are a essential macronutrient that the body uses primarily as a source of energy. They are critical for various bodily functions, particularly fueling physical activity and aiding in brain function.

Starches are complex carbohydrates made up of long chains of glucose molecules, while sugars are simple carbohydrates, such as glucose and fructose. Both types play important roles in nutrition and metabolic processes. When consumed, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which can be utilized immediately for energy or stored for future use in the liver and muscles.

Understanding this classification is fundamental in nutrition, as it helps in creating a balanced diet where carbohydrates are included as a vital energy source, alongside proteins and fats, which serve different purposes in the body.